How does on figure out what type of vehicle to buy for themselves and their needs and then which brand of vehicle to go with?
Yes it can be very complicated but if you're like me limited by your budget to either Toyota or Lexus if you have more money. They make such a wide range of grade vehicles they'll certainly have something that fits your need and if you go used you might get lucky and find a good deal
If you are planning on a family ... something with a back seat and trunk big enough for stroller(s).
If you live in heavy snow areas ... consider AWD.
Look into the future and see if your needs will be changing.
Try to find a Buyers Advocate in your area, a professional who can objectively advise you as to what could meet your needs. Such advocates can frequently be found with your bank or credit union. In many cases such services are free.
Do not expect any vehicle seller to provide such services. Do not expect to receive any meaningful guidance from strangers in a forum.
Consider talking with friends, relatives, neighbors. Take all advice with a grain of salt.