My 2010 Chevrolet Tahoe/Suburban starts blowing hot air when it's on cold AC. My brother believes it's the air filter not working properly, but we're not sure yet. What could be the possibilities?
My brother believes it's the air filter not working properly
Presumably you mean the cabin air filter. If dirty/clogged that can affect AC performance but I don't think it would prevent the AC from working at all. Just replace the filter if it's been in there a while.
What could be the possibilities?
Too many to list, though refrigerant loss is a top contender on a 14-year-old vehicle. However you need to do at least some basic diagnosis to determine what's going on. Is your compressor clutch engaging when you turn on the AC?
It's most likely low on freon
Hot means you're getting air through the heater core, which means that your temperature blend door is stuck.